The Anti-Semitic Dark Side of Martin Luther

Without a doubt, Martin Luther is one of the most influential personas in European history. As a reformer, he played huge parts in creating the Protestant Christian Church. In translating the Bible from Latin into German, he created the foundations of the High German that is spoken in the country today. He singlehandedly made a mess out of Europe that resulted in the divide of Western Christendom -- leading to Luther being labeled The Great Divider. The aforementioned divide was followed by long and cruel struggles. Dukes and Kings soon had to choose whether they and their subjects would be Catholics or Protestants. These struggles finally led into the Thirty Years War. Many historians find, that Luther is to blame to some extent for a lot of pain and suffering. Martin Luthers Surprising Anti-Semitism From what we know about Martin Luther, we can tell, that he was very uncompromising and somewhat stubborn. The former monk had strong opinions on many issues and just as his views on scholarly matters, he felt urged to express them. He felt no remorse attacking his enemies and adversaries or those he deemed to belong to that category. What might come as a surprise to some, is that this category also included the followers of another major religion: the Jewish people.​​ A Hate Speech Book In 1543, Martin Luther wrote a short book called â€Å"On the Jews and their Lies†. It seems that Luther had hoped for the Jewish people to convert to Protestantism and as that didn’t happen, he was deeply disappointed. In the centuries after Luther’s death, it had no special place among his literary works or underwent particular treatment. It became quite popular in the Third Reich and was even used to justify the discrimination of Jewish people. Was Hitler a Fan? Adolf Hitler  was a declared fan of Luther and his views on the Jews. Extracts of the book were even quoted  in the propaganda movie â€Å"Jud Sà ¼ÃƒÅ¸Ã¢â‚¬  by Veit Harlan. After 1945, the book was not reprinted in Germany until 2016. The recently published edition, which was translated into modern German, proves that the reformer basically demanded the same fate for Jews that the Nazis did, with the exception of a systemic annihilation (maybe, because he could simply not fathom such a thing in the 16th  century). In earlier years, Martin Luther expressed different feelings for Jewish people, probably connected to his high hopes of them converting to Protestantism. Unsettling Views Unfortunately, the views in Luthers book reads like a manual for the National Socialist  German Workers Party  (Nazi Party). Excerpts from his works are  as follows: â€Å"(†¦) set fire to their synagogues or schools and to bury and cover with dirt whatever will not burn, so that no man will ever again see a stone or cinder of them.â€Å" But in his wrath, he not only turned against their synagogues. â€Å"I advise that their houses also be razed and destroyed. For they pursue in them the same aims as in their synagogues. Instead they might be lodged under a roof or in a barn, like the gypsies.â€Å" He propagated to take the Talmud from them and to forbid the rabbis to teach, and he wanted to prohibit Jews from traveling on the highways. â€Å"(†¦) and that all cash and treasure of silver and gold be taken from them and put aside for safekeeping.â€Å" Finally, Luther further wanted to force young Jews into manual labor.   Though â€Å"On the Jews and their Lies† is his most infamous work on Jewish people, Luther published two more texts on the matter. In the book â€Å"Vom Schem Hamphoras (Of the Unknowable Name and the Generations of Christ) he put the Jews on the same level as the devil. And in a sermon, released as â€Å"Warning Against the Jews† he stated that Jewish people should be expelled from German territories if they refused to convert to Christianity.

History Of Homosexuality In Diagnostic Manuals - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1039 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/10/30 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Homosexuality Essay Did you like this example? Scholars originally thought sexual orientation was a decision, which first led to the placement of homosexuality in DSM-I and DSM-II. Theories of homosexuality throughout history and culture generally fall into pathology or immaturity categories. Pathology theories regard adult homosexuality as a disease, a condition deviating from ?normal heterosexual development. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "History Of Homosexuality In Diagnostic Manuals" essay for you Create order The presence of atypical gender behavior or feelings are symptoms of the disease or disorder to which mental health professionals need to attend. These theories hold that some internal defect or external pathological agent causes homosexuality, and such events can occur before or after birth. Theories of pathology tend to view homosexuality as a sign of a defect, or morally bad, with the belief homosexuality is socially evil. Theories of immaturity regard expressions of homosexual feelings or behavior at a young age as a normal step, often identified in the ?experimentation stage toward the development of adult heterosexuality. Ideally, homosexuality is a passing phase an individual outgrows. However, as a developmental arrests, adult homosexuality is equated with stunted growth. For much of Western history the meanings of same-sex behaviors viewed by religions deemed homosexuality to be morally bad. However, as 19th century Western culture shifted power from religious to secular authority, same-sex behaviors, like ?sins received increased spherical scrutiny from: law, medicine, psychiatry, and human rights activism. Richard von Krafft-Ebing, a German psychiatrist, offered an early theory of pathology, describing homosexuality as a ?degenerative disorder. Krafft-Ebing believed although one might be born with a homosexual predisposition, such inclinations should be considered a congenital disease. Krafft-Ebing was influential in disseminating among the medical and scientific communities both the term ?homosexual as well as its authors view of homosexuality as a psychiatric disorder. This theory influenced many of pathological assumptions regarding human sexuality in psychiatric diagnostic manuals of the mid-20th century. Freud believed everyone is born with bisexual tendencies; expressions of homosexuality could be a normal phase of heterosexual development. Freud argued homosexuality could not be a degenerative condition as Krafft-Ebing maintained because, among other reasons, it was found in people whose efficiency is unimpaired, and who are indeed distinguished by specially high intellectual development and ethical culture. Freud saw expressions of adult homosexual behavior as caused by ?arrested psychosexual development, a theory of immaturity. Most psychoanalysts of the next generation came to view homosexuality as pathological. They offered a revised understanding of homosexuality as well as psychoanalytic ?cures. In the mid-20th century, American psychiatry was greatly influenced at the time by these psychoanalytic perspectives. Consequently, in 1952, when APA published the first edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-I), it listed all the conditions psychiatrists then considered to be a mental disorder. DSM-I classified homosexuality as a sociopathic personality disturbance. In DSM-II, published in 1968, homosexuality was reclassified as a sexual deviation. Kinseys research found homosexuality to be more common in the general population than was generally believed, and found in nature. Researchers and activists started to reject the pathological model as a major contributor to the stigma associated with homosexuality. It was this latter group that brought modern sex research theories to the attention of APA. In the wake of the 1969 Stonewall riots in New York City, gay and lesbian activists, believing psychiatric theories to be a major contributor to anti-homosexual social stigma, disrupted the 1970 and 1971 annual meetings of the APA. The APA started to question what constitutes a mental disorder. They reviewed the characteristics of the various mental disorders and concluded that, with the exception of homosexuality and perhaps some of the other ?sexual deviations, they all regularly caused subjective distress or were associated with generalized impairment in social effectiveness of functioning, (p. 211). Having arrived at this novel definition of mental disorder, the Nomenclature Committee agreed that homosexuality per se was not one. As a result, in December 1973, APAs Board of Trustees (BOT) voted to remove homosexuality from the DSM. Psychiatrists did not vote, as is often reported in the popular press, on whether homosexuality should remain a diagnosis. As a result, opponents of the 1973 removal have repeatedly tried to discredit the outcome by declaring, science cannot be decided by a vote. The events of 1973 did not immediately end psychiatrys pathology of some presentations of homosexuality. For in homosexualitys place, the DSM-II contained a new diagnosis: Sexual Orientation Disturbance (SOD). SOD regarded homosexuality as an illness if an individual with same-sex attractions, which caused them distress and wanted to change. The new diagnosis legitimized the practice of sexual conversion therapies, even if homosexuality per se was no longer considered an illness. SOD was later replaced in DSM-III by a new category called Ego Dystonic Homosexuality (EDH). However, it was obvious to psychiatrists more than a decade later that the inclusion first of SOD, and later EDH, was the result of earlier political compro mises, and neither diagnosis met the definition of a disorder. As a result, ego-dystonic homosexuality was removed from the next revision, DSM-III-R, in 1987. In so doing, the APA implicitly accepted a normal variant view of homosexuality in a way that had not been possible fourteen years earlier. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4695779/ In 1948, WHO published ICD-6(International Classification of Diseases), which was the first ICD version to include a classification of mental disorders. ICD-6 classified homosexuality as a sexual deviation presumed to reflect an underlying personality disorder. Later in 1992, the ICD-10 defined sexual orientation by itself is not to be considered a disorder. Nevertheless, the descriptions of the categories suggest mental disorders exist that are uniquely linked to sexual orientation and gender expression.https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/92/9/14-135541/en/ The World Health Organization (WHO) only removed homosexuality from its ICD classificationwith the publication of ICD-10 in 1992, although ICD-10 still carries the construct of ego-dystonic sexual orientation. In this condition, the person is not in doubt about his or hersexual preference, but wishes it were different because of associated psychological and behavioral disorders. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/hide-and-seek/201509/when-homosexuality-stopped-being-mental-disorder. In June 2018, the IDC-11 removed gender incongruence from mental disorders into sexual health conditions. The rationale being that while evidence is now clear that it is not a mental disorder, and indeed classifying it in this can cause enormous stigma for people who are transgender or gender non-binary.

Montclair State University Acceptance Rate, SAT/ACT Scores, GPA

Montclair State University is a  public research university with an acceptance rate of 71%. Established in 1908,  Montclair State is located 14 miles from New York City on a 264-acre campus in Montclair, New Jersey. The universitys 11 schools and colleges offer students 300 majors, minors, and concentrations. Among undergraduates, business administration, psychology, science, and visual and performing arts are the most popular majors. On the athletic front, the MCU Red Hawks compete in the NCAA Division III New Jersey Athletic Conference (NJAC). Considering applying to Montclair State University? Here are the admissions statistics you should know, including average SAT/ACT scores and GPAs of admitted students. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, Montclair State University had an acceptance rate of 71%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 71 students were admitted, making Montclair States admissions process somewhat competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of Applicants 14,324 Percent Admitted 71% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 31% SAT Scores and Requirements Montclair State University has a test-optional standardized testing policy. Applicants to Montclair State may submit SAT or ACT scores to the school, but they are not required.  During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 41% of admitted students submitted SAT scores. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 500 590 Math 490 580 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing This admissions data tells us that of those students who submitted scores during the 2017-18 admissions cycle, most of  Montclair States admitted students fall within the  bottom 29% nationally  on the SAT. For the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to Montclair State scored between 500 and 590, while 25% scored below 500 and 25% scored above 590. On the math section, 50% of admitted students scored between 490 and 580, while 25% scored below 490 and 25% scored above 580. While the SAT is not required, this data tells us that a composite SAT score of 1170 or higher is competitive for Montclair State University. Requirements Montclair State University does not require SAT scores for admission. For students who choose to submit scores, note that Montclair State participates in the scorechoice program, meaning that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. Montclair State does not require the optional essay section of the SAT. ACT Scores and Requirements Montclair State University has a test-optional standardized testing policy. Applicants to Montclair State may submit SAT or ACT scores to the school, but they are not required.  Montclair State does not provide the number of admitted students who submitted ACT scores or the ACT scores of admitted students. GPA In 2018, the average high school GPA of Montclair State Universitys incoming freshmen class was 3.26, and nearly half of incoming students had average GPAs of 3.25 and above. These results suggest that most successful applicants to Montclair State have primarily B grades. Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph Montclair State University Applicants Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph. Data courtesy of Cappex. The admissions data in the graph is self-reported by applicants to Montclair State University. GPAs are unweighted. Find out how you compare to accepted students, see the real-time graph, and calculate your chances of getting in  with a free Cappex account. Admissions Chances Montclair State University, which accepts fewer than three-quarters of applicants, has a somewhat selective admissions pool. However, Montclair State also has a  holistic admissions  process and is test optional, and admissions decisions are based on more than numbers. A  strong application  essay  and glowing  letters of recommendation  can strengthen your application, as can participation in  meaningful extracurricular activities  and a  rigorous course schedule. Students with particularly compelling stories or achievements can still receive serious consideration even if their grades and scores are outside Montclair State Universitys average range. Note that students applying to programs in animation and illustration, dance, music, music therapy, musical theatre, theatre, visual arts, and visual communication design have additional admission requirements. In the graph above, the blue and green dots represent accepted students. You can see that the great majority of students who were accepted to Montclair State had GPAs of a 3.0 or better, an ACT composite score above 19, and a combined SAT score (ERWM) of above 1000. Note that Montclair State is test-optional, so test scores are less important than other criteria in the admissions process. If You Like Montclair State University, You May Also Like These Schools Seton Hall UniversityRider UniversityRutgers University - NewarkNew  York UniversityTemple UniversityPennsylvania State UniversityDrexel UniversityPace University All admissions data has been sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics and Montclair State University Undergraduate Admissions Office.

Waking Life - 1145 Words

Most (i didnt really even know what to make of it. its the kid from that movie dazed and confused basically trying to find out the meaning of life and his identity and shit.. and hes like constantly in this dreamworld.. that he cannot seem to wake up of.. he cannot differentiate his dreams from reality. so one of the points is that there is no waking life...there is life and nothing else....each experience is an experience, nothing more or nothing less, each has the same value...the things you experience in your dreams are life itself... also...a lot of stress on wherever you are is the place to be...accept that every moment has the potential for greatness Waking Life is clearly an experiment, and, as such, looks and feels much†¦show more content†¦It merely presents thoughts to get you thinking. At its core, all this movie is is a bunch of people jabbering about what they think life and death are, what they mean, and how they relate to each other. Part of the rub that actually makes all this a good thing is that these people, whether you agree with them or not, say very interesting things. Most (though not all) is garden variety level coffee shop theorizing, but the ideas are so well expressed that they dont require a doobie toke to be engaging. Theres so much to explore and discuss in Waking Life that this review could lack a central focus or structure. it was such a joy to watch. the artistry was fucking incredible. But I digressÂâ€"the lack of structure. While it does nothing more than meander, the thread that ties it all is found in the concept itself, that concept being this film is all just the dream of one young twenty-something. This unnamed dreamer (voiced by Linklater vet Wiley Wiggins) literally floats around from person to person, engaging some while eavesdropping on others. Growing more and more conscious of his dream-state in the process, the dreamer realizes hes trapped, falling out of one dream-state and into another. Pretty soon he begins to wonderÂ…is this life itself? . Whether it be with a concept, an idea, a person, or with God, its clear that the shared motivation is the longing for connection. Some force it by looking too hard forShow MoreRelatedThomas Descartes s Dream Argument And The Dream Paradox 2319 Words   |  10 PagesIn the First Meditation Descartes famously presented his ‘dream argument’ or ‘dream paradox’ in which he questions how we can distinguish between dreams and waking life. In this essay, I will explore various responses to the argument such as Hobbes and Locke and how I think Descartes would dismiss these arguments. I will finally present my own criticism alongside the work of Austin, Simpson and Ryle in order to illustrate the inconsistency of Descartes claims. In order to deconstruct the dream paradoxRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Waking Life1102 Words   |  5 Pages In Waking Life by Richard Linklater, the main character has a dream in which he ended up in a boat shaped car with two random men he had never met. During this car ride, he gets wisdom regarding how his decisions ultimately shape his life through the words of the driver and the decisions displayed by the random stranger in the backseat with him. While these things are being decided he is shown in the film as always plain and boring, with the tone of his voice never changing, the eyes always closedRead More Four Critics’ Perspective of Theodore Roethkes Elegy for Jane771 Words   |  4 Pagesslightly, but also the deaths of us all (138-39). Jane presents one aspect of woman in The Waking collection (1953): Ross-Bryant views Jane as a young girl who is dead. The poem expresses concern with the coming of death. This poignant elegy is presented through the voice of one who loved Jane. The poem presents the feelings of loss suffered by Roethke at the death of a young girl who loved life and exulted in earthly things. Roethke describes Jane in terms of flowers and birds; he revealsRead MoreTheodore Roethke Research Paper1618 Words   |  7 Pagescredit to the influence of many great and notable writers. Including Emily Dickinson, John Donne, and William Blake, and admiring the works of Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry Thoreau, and William Yeats (Kalaidjian). Throughout Theodore Roethke’s life he was very successful. From going to school, teaching, writing, and overcoming depression. He began traveling to different states and countries with his wife, giving presentations and writing columns. 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His brother-in-law, Leon, enters his room with two cups of coffee, waking his wife when he says, Finally...the sleeping hero awakens! You were asleep when we arrived so we decided to letRead MoreFires Burnt Anew: Why I Love the Band Weezer634 Words   |  2 Pagesand the people we met and feel content with the life we lived. Today with the introduction of Instagram and Facebook, photos are treated much differently. The word â€Å"picture† has been needlessly shortened to â€Å"pic,† a photo-worthy event has stooped to such mundane events as eating a meal, and the number one most photographed things are the photographers themselves with the invention of the selfie. As our Internet generation strives to capture every waking moment, the value of these moments fades likeRead More Self: Plunging into the Other Side of the Mirror Essay1865 Words   |  8 Pageswould make anything of it, ponder its repercussions, question the greater impact of this first awakening. It is n ot an emotional, sexual, or intellectual awakening, no: it is a subtle and important transition from the world of the oblivious to the waking world of self-consciousness. As a very young child, I looked for myself in any reflective surface I could find. I would crane my neck to find that swish of long blonde hair, that crinkled little blue eye, playing a childish game of hide-and-seekRead MoreThe Death Of Joseph Miller s The Cradle Mattress 1366 Words   |  6 Pagesflopped backward, devoid of all vitality. A period of depression and seclusion engulfed Eugene’s life following the manifestation of his past. Nightmares bereaved him of sleep. Memories of the men, assassinated by his hands accompanied his every waking moment. This pit of obscurity would have extinguished Eugene if it had not been for Nessa. She had demonstrated a better way, a new purpose, a new life. Depression transformed into bliss. Demons, that once tormented his existence, were cast into theRead MoreCan You Tell Me?1409 Words   |  6 Pagesplastered on my face for as long as I can remember. And remember I do, even though I try so hard to forget. Isn’t it cruel how the memories that we desperately want to erase are the ones that we can never shake? These memories haunt me every waking moment of my life†¦and sometimes follow me into the land of dreams. As if watching them constantly replay in my head during the day isn’t enough! Sometimes they are nothing more than a fragment; a single word, hateful eyes boring holes into the back of my head

Race in Shakespeare Free Essays

Since the Middle Ages, the issues of race have long been discussed. In nearly every culture, race has been a topic of complex discussion that has brought social discomfort and in most instances racial prejudice – Elizabethan England being no exception. William Shakespeare applies the issue of race in many of his plays; such in the tragedy of Othello that captures the reality of society in Elizabethan England, showing common racial bias of that era. We will write a custom essay sample on Race in Shakespeare or any similar topic only for you Order Now Through his characters in the play, Shakespeare illustrates Elizabethan social ideology towards race, in which foreigners have adapted to a lifestyle of racial prejudice.In order to better understand the racial context behind the tragedy of Othello it is important to keep in mind the historical complexities that existed in Elizabethan England. Elizabethan vision of foreigners was complex and evolving from the Middle Ages. In the Middle Ages, engaging with foreigners involved the spiritual and material aspect of life. Margo Hendricks, author of Shakespeare and Race, explains within Elizabethan culture and literature that foreigners were viewed as those implementing a â€Å"process of vulgarization. Elizabethan awareness of foreigners was closely tied to the religious outlook of the world, in which followers of Judaism and Islam were the antithesis of Christians. The difference in religions prompted the same outlook on difference in race. In the beginning, foreigners mostly blacks, were forcefully brought over to Elizabethan England as â€Å"creatures† that possessed little to no rights. However, as time went on they became members of Elizabethan society known as moors. Although they were now members of society, racial integration with whites often clashed, resulting in complex tensions amongst the different races. Many foreigners in Elizabethan England were blacks, according to Diane Abbott, a current British Member of Parliament, in which the sudden rise in number caused Queen Elizabeth I to issue a proclamation complaining about this rise in numbers of blacks in England. For blacks, the aspect of color brought so many negative connotations in the eyes of white Elizabethan Christians that degraded them in Elizabethan society. In this regard, Shakespeare uses the issue of race in Othello, written during Elizabethan times, as one of the main themes in the story represented through characters such as Iago, Brabantio, and others.In the beginning of the play, Iago shares with Roderigo and the audience his intentions of manipulating Othello for his personal gain because Othello passed on Iago as his lieutenant, thus allowing Iago to act a need for revenge based on personal hatred. Before diving into examples illustrating racism in the play it is important to also understand Othello’s backgro und in regards to being a black foreigner in Elizabethan society. Othello, who is the play’s protagonist, is a highly respected general of the Venetian armed forces, although being a â€Å"Moor†, a man of North African descent.Ironically in the play, Othello is therefore presented in some ways opposite to the norms of Elizabethan society. While being a powerful figure and having the respect of his followers, Othello is still subject to racial backlash due to his societal role as a cultural outsider for being a foreigner. Moors, or those of African decent, were seen as second class citizens of Elizabethan society, treated with little respect, and making very little income to help support their families.Othello has to secretly marry Desdemona, a Venetian woman, because he knows not only would Desdemona’s father be opposed to such a marriage between a foreigner and a Venetian, but also society wouldn’t be in favor of it either. This as we see in the play provokes more racial slurs towards Othello, although the love that Desdemona and Othello share for each other is too strong for race to become an issue between them. In the opening act of the play we see Iago, a veteran military man of Venice and the harshest critic of Othello throughout the play, share with Roderigo and the audience his intentions of reve nge against Othello.Here not only do we unravel Iago’s personal hatred for Othello, but Roderigo’s racial views as well. â€Å"What a full fortune does the thick lips owe if he can carry’t thus! † (I, i ,65) Roderigo, who wants to win Desdemona’s love away from Othello at any cost, calls Othello as â€Å"thick-lips†, a racial stereotype of blacks, when responding to Iago about their plans to turn Venetians such as Desdemona’s father Brabantio, against Othello. As Roderigo and Iago go to awake Brabantio in the middle of the night to tell him of the news that Desdemona ran off with Othello to get married, multiple stereotypes and slurs are used in this exchange.Iago tells Brabantio that he’s been â€Å"robbed† of his soul, for Othello has taken Desdemona by some sort of curse, being that there’s no way a prominent Venetian woman would go off to marry a â€Å"barbarian† instead of a Venetian man. â€Å"Because we come to do you service and you think we are ruffians, you’ll have your daughter covered with a Barbary horse, you’ll have your nephews neigh to you, you’ll have coursers for cousins and jennets for germans. † ( I, i, 108) Iago, in his conversation with Brabantio, compares Othello to a Barbary horse in Africa.In a most obscene manner, Iago is informing Brabantio of the repercussions in their society if he doesn’t take action against Othello for his daughter is now within â€Å"the gross clasps of a lascivious Moor† (act 1 sc. 1 line 141). The negative connotation of the color black isn’t only viewed in the eyes only Venetians in the tragedy of Othello. In fact, Othello uses the color black as a negative implication as well when he hears from Iago that Desdemona has been unfaithful to him. â€Å" arise, black vengeance, from the hollow hell!†¦ thy crown and hearted throne to tyrannous hate! III, iii, 447) It could be possible that perhaps those in Elizabethan England simply used black and white to mirror bad versus good, dark versus light, and through this view brought the same view of foreigners because of skin color. Brabantio accuses Othello of â€Å"dark magic† as his way of wooing Desdemona, claiming his impurity in forcing his daughter’s willingness in marriage. Whereas many of such derogatory comments about Othello have much irony considering his status as a leader of the Venetian army, at the same time it clearly illustrates the social gap between citizens and foreigners. Regardless of the fact that Othello is a man of power – as is Brabantio being a senator – the view of foreigners is rather a big issue, in this case Brabantio despises Othello for his actions because his view just like many Venetians is that a foreigner with a Venetian brings impurity and disgrace to society. Othello being the black Moor of Venice shows an opposite pattern to the norm of Elizabethan society. While racism can be quite obvious through the language of some characters, it can be interpreted through minor characters as well.In the final act after Emilia sees that Othello has killed an innocent Desdemona, she yells â€Å" O the more angel she, and you the blacker devil! † (V, ii, 132) for believing Iago who was manipulating him the entire time, resulting in killing his innocent wife he much adored. Emilia uses the color as shades of evil, saying that Othello has done something terribly wrong that connects him to the devil. In my opinion, the murder of Desdemona restores order of Elizabethan society, where as Othello having power would disrupt the order of the social hierarchy, bringing chaos and social problems for others.While some determine Othello as the hero of the play, it is important to understand the historical prejudice of blacks from whites in Elizabethan England. My interpretation of the play in regards to the historical background of Elizabethan society leads me to believe Othello was by no means a hero in the play because he was made out to be very gullible in believing Iago’s perceived truth of his wife, causing him to become jealous, heartbroken, and then proceeding by killing his wife with very little evidence that she was actually unfaithful to him.This could bring up questions about whether Shakespeare was in favor of society’s racial prejudice towards blacks, against it, or just simply used it in his work as one of his appeals, although Othello is portrayed sympathetically as an articulate and intelligent man. In my opinion, had Shakespeare been against racism, he would have made the characters in the play that are racist such as Iago seem weak and have him fail his intentions of revenge on the Moor for choosing Cassio over Iago as lieutenant. In this play however, Iago is killed in such a way that makes him look like a martyr, and the real â€Å"hero† of the play.Otherwise, I believe Shakespeare would have made much more emphasis on racism being so derogatory that Othello’s actions would bring positive attitudes from the audience as well as sympathy, while making those that are racist hold major character flaws.Citations in MLA format – Shakespeare, William. Othello. Russ McDonald, 05/01/2001. Hendricks, Margo. Shakespeare and Race. Cambridge: University of Cambridge, 2000. Abbott, Diane. â€Å"British History In Depth†. BBC. 2009-11-05 . â€Å"On Race and Religion†. PBS. . How to cite Race in Shakespeare, Papers

Gabriel Garcia Marquez (567 words) Essay Example For Students

Gabriel Garcia Marquez (567 words) Essay Gabriel Garcia MarquezGabriel Garcia Marquez, a novelist, shortstory writer, journalist, critic, and screenwriter, hashad international recognition for many years. He isincluded among the group of South Americanwriters who rose to prominence during the 1960s, atime often referred to as the ?boom? of LatinAmerican Literature. In his short stories andnovels, Leaf Storm, One Hundred Years ofSolitude, Chronicle of a Death Foretold, and TheAutumn of the Patriarch, he utilizes hisbackground, and personal experiences, whichmakes his novels so popular. Garcia Marquez was born in Aracataca,Colombia, on March 6, 1928. He lived with hisgrandparents for the first eight years of his life. Thestorytelling of his grandmother and the myths andsuperstitions of the townspeople all played majorroles in shaping his imagination. He enrolled in theUniversity of Bogota in 1947 to study law, butwhen it was shut down in 1948 he transferred to theUniversity of Cartagna, working as a journalist forthe newspaper El Universal. Devoting himself tojournalism, he ended his law studies in 1950 and 2moved to Barranquilla to work for the daily paper El Heraldo. He then began to write short storiesthat were published in regional periodicals, andsoon after became acquainted with the works ofauthors such as Franz Kafa, William Faulker,Virginia Woolf, and James Joyce. Living with his grandparents had a bigeffect on his later years and in his novels, especiallythe house in which they lived. Marquez remembershis grandparents house as a dwelling place of thedead, rather than the living. In that house there wasan empty room where his aunt Petra and uncleLazarus had died. He said ? My grandparentswould sit me down, at six in the evening, in acorner, and say to me ?Dont move from here,because, if you do, Aunt Petra, who is in her roomwill come or . . . ` I always stayed sitting? ( Minta 34 ) . In the same manner, his first novel,Leaf Storm, featured a little boy as a character thatthrough the whole novel sat in a small chair. 3Chronicle of a Death Foretold, deals with anepisode from Garcia Marquez past, and deals withthe murder of a friend in Sucre in 1958 ( Gabriel 23) . It tells about the ?codes that menimpose on women, and women on themselves; thecurious notions of honor that can dominate anisolated community; the irresistible impulse towardviolence; and the psychology of mass complicity? ( Marquez 1) . Garcia Marquez style of writing iswhat some call ?magical? ( Gabriel 3 19 ). Hisworks are usually attributed to his imaginativeblending of history, politics, social realism, andfantasy. He often makes use of techniques of magicrealism in his works with descriptive events andreality which, he implies, ? define humanexistence? ( Gabriel 3 1 ). One example of that is in One Hundred Years of Solitude a baby is bornwith a ?pigs tail? ( Gabriel 1 69 ). His usualenthusiastic critical response is mostly because ofthis. In conclusion, Gabriel Garcia Marquez, makes a big impression inpeoples thoughts. He is a novelist who uses personal trials and tribulationsand mixes them with fantasy to make everyone of his books more interesting. For these reasons the critics praise him and he remains popular. Bibliography?Gabriel Garcia Marquez.? Encyclopedia of WorldBiography. Detroit: Gale Research, 1998. ?Gabriel Garcia Marquez .? The Groiler Library of International Biographies. New York: The PhilipLeif Group Inc, 1996. ?Gabriel Garcia Marquez.? Discovering AuthorsModules. Detroit: Gale Research, 1996. Marquez, Gabriel Garcia. Chronicle of A DeathForetold. New York: Alfred A. Knoff, 1982. .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d , .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d .postImageUrl , .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d , .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d:hover , .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d:visited , .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d:active { border:0!important; } .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d:active , .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uaa3ea48baf3d34be6a1e426a50f6241d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Deforestation EssayMinta, Stephen. Garcia Marquez: Writer ofColumbia. New York: Harper and Row, 1987. English Essays